Cultural Relativism vs. Ethnocentrism. How would you define globalization in your own words? 55. Religion: A social system invol-ving a set of beliefs and practices through which people seek har-mony with the universe and attempt to influence the forces of nature, life, and death through prayers, incantations, actions, and works of charity and sacrifice. Travelers or Traders would usually travel in groups with armed personnel for protection. The journeys were long, muggers and raiders were a common threat on the road, and the dangers of the weather and wild beasts were there. In fact, it is said that the Catholic and other Protestant sects Christmas tree has its origin from that paganistic treatment of trees. then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, In making his fortune, he pursued markedly Darwinian practices revealing a conviction in survival of the fittest. One example of this singular association is John D. Rockefeller, who, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, commanded the attention given today to Bill Gates and Warren Buffet as emblems of free enterprise. How is globalization transforming anthropology? Why are these standards important (or not) from an ethical perspective? 128 0 obj <> endobj ?L1'q4.U2#L (}#lpCX4V Q^fQ0&EaAxyGFIpPg|E Ar rS|YPg/7i}qXaY$18]!$ JPv,!4ZTtYElCi{=xY[[["]?f|9$tU/!9e72'Eag `Pb05p|~,|,L\BxQ6FWc4Zaul]"0Q G`B xh81SS>Egg,T#AP[}.VOU{zU[g\08 }-QLgj X| |82XWZ poMieG 3JvR6JY Have lunch in one of the local restaurants that cater to Westerners? Such expressions make sense in a culture where the enculturation process emphasizes competition and speed. This, too, reveals the interplay between religion and culture. Jillian Armstrong leads an external audit team reviewing the financial statements of Islamabad Investment Bank in Islamabad, Pakistan. If so, how would it accommodate the differences across time, regions, and cultures discussed in this chapter? (credit left: modification of Taj Mahal by Suraj rajiv/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0; credit right: modification of Cour de Marbre du Chteau de Versailles October 5, 2011 by Kimberly Vardeman/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0), Riccis approach and the relationship between Western and Ming Chinese views of ethics, episode of American Experience on John D. Rockefeller, Sr. from the Public Broadcasting System, https://openstax.org/books/business-ethics/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/business-ethics/pages/5-3-the-influence-of-geography-and-religion, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Describe the impact of geography on global relationships and business ethics, Explain how religion informs ethical business practice around the world. Geography influences religion, and religion, in turn, affects culture. Buddha of the future 10. Jose Rizals last words continue to inspire generations of Filipinos and people around the world. Religions are neither uniform nor monolithic, of course, nor are they unchanging over time. In this essay that is based on the lecture by Professor Jens Micah De Guzman, we will analyze the interconnectedness of geography, culture and religions. In its study of leadership effectiveness and organizational behavior across cultures, the GLOBE leadership project of the Beedie School of Business at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, Canada, found leader effectiveness is contextual and strongly connected to cultural and organizational values. How did the geography and climate affect the Navajo? How did Buddhism affect Shintoism in Japan? Direct link to winvelan15's post How fast did the USSR act, Posted 2 years ago. This had great effects on European culture at the time as most cultural expressions were church-related. These differences might significantly affect the foundation of any business relationships you may want to establish around the world. By having faith,we can grow our relationship in God,not only that,we can also get closer to God,not only by lacking faith,but also having faith.d. The journeys were long, muggers and raiders were a common threat on the road, and the dangers of the weather and wild beasts were there. But even among Western business cultures, conceptions of time can differ. For instance, relationships, marriage, birth, death, homemaking, and farming are usual events in culturesand these normally have a religious significance. Direct link to bailnelso's post Most of these economists , Posted 4 years ago. 10. Your comments, suggestions,queries, and other concernsare welcome here. Amazingly too, religion can affect the same culture in different ways at different times. The meaning of the name Siddhartha 15. A correspondence that is quick instructions between a supervisor and a staff, and these are normally in the form of email. We can prove that geography, religion, and culture are practically interrelated. Identification. Every shrine typically has a kami (god), which may be a natural or topographical feature. c water from the sea was used to irrigate farms along the greek coast. CULTURE AND RELIGION | TAGALOG EXPLANATIONGEOGRAPHY, CULTURE AND RELIGION . y&U|ibGxV&JDp=CU9bevyG m& Geographical variables may unwittingly influence our ideas as we move and change locations throughout our lives, as well as throughout the formative years of our lives. Direct link to Joshua's post An increase in green fuel, Posted 4 years ago. , Column B, write your understanding in each period and how you feel about it. It is shaped by a variety of factors, including history, religion, language, geography, and politics. How did Taoism influence other religions? Employers have the right to establish a dress code and expect employees to abide by it. In some cultures, touch is important in establishing connection, whereas in others it may be frowned upon. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Business ethics guides people to practice commerce professionally and honestly and in a way that permits as many as possible to flourish. The holy spirit.. how did globalization change international interactions between states after 1900. Ancient Greece, for example, was not a nation but a collection of independent city-states which were naturally isolated from one another by the mountainous area in which they were found; while ancient Egypt was, for most of its history, a single unified kingdom whose entire welfare depended upon the Nile River that ran through it from north to south. Eventually though, the world will run out of resources to sustain its global economy if no measures are put into place to create sustainable energies and practices in different industries. On the other hand, geographical boundaries meant that some religious groups were limited to a particular region; the Karaite sect in medieval Judaism, for example, was centered in the Jewish community of Babylonia, and from there established branches in Egypt and Russia which for centuries remained the centers of that culture. These perceptions and imaginings influence the way such spaces are used, and the personal, spiritual meanings developed in using such sacred spaces. At one point in the film, De Niros character asks, Doesnt anybody tuck in their shirt? Leaving your shirt untucked has become more acceptable in recent years, and the black t-shirt and jeans favored in Silicon Valley are now quite fashionable in some business environments. copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. Still, as Ida Tarbell pointed out in her work, Rockefellers business ethics were not above reproach. The deity for honesty, friendship, contracts and meetings a. Mitra c. Indra b. Varuna d. Surya 4. Technological advances, including mobile phones and especially the. Traditional cultural geographical approaches to the study of religion mainly seek to determine religions impact on the landscape. 8. Many examples also prove that the physical environment of a place or geography elucidates many aspects of the religions in it: Across many of the worlds religions, mountains have been associated with talking to God or as the abode of a god. 9. This is because humans have always engaged in cultural exchange, the dissemination of knowledge, and the trade of goods and services. How did the Sumerian religion affect Sumerian society? When people live in a very closed community and practise specific ideas that are localised to that community or place, those networks can impact certain beliefs and foster a larger awareness of culture. Write the correct answer before the number. Answer During historical times, Geography affected the spread of Culture, Religion, and Trade Routes between Civilizations. Religions have been seen as developing due to environmental, landscape, and community relations and networks. (7Ln/I,>_ Given evidence that the scale of the global economy is too large compared to the ecological capacity of the planet (e.g., ecological footprint and overshoot, species extinctions, pollution problems), why do economists overwhelmingly view increasing the volume of economic activity as desirable? b y+A_. In the premodern era, very few people moved far from where they grew up, which meant that they were not exposed to cultures (including religions) that were very different from their own. Contains the most definitive teachings of Buddha 11. My own book Sacred Worlds: an introduction to Geography and Religion, was published in 1994. Parts of this article (those related to need to discuss cross-culturally the 'spatial diffusion' of faith-bearing communities in (before, during, and following) exodus and migration, etc. Global terrorist networks have used the conditions created by globalization to enhance their own influence and to promote a culture of intolerance and hate. Assumptions. The acceptance of a new religion, or of any new practice or idea, is also affected by the cultural values of the people exposed to it. Culture, as a social construct, refers to the shared beliefs, values, customs, and behaviors of a group of people. It is the world's oldest largest religion that began on the Indian subcontinent with no specific founder. Religious experiences and the belief in religious meanings transforms physical spaces into sacred spaces. Compare this with the Western attitude that time flies and time is money. Finally, Westerners doing business in some English-speaking African countries have learned that if they want something immediately, they have to say now now as now by itself does not convey the desired sense of immediacy. Collectivist cultures are usually contrasted with individualistic cultures. These goals need not be in conflict, but they must be integrated if the company is to reach an ethically sound agreement with the host country. His legacy as a writer and revolutionary has cemented his place in Philippine history and serves as a source of pride for Filipinos. This is because banking or financial failures in one country will lead to crises in other countries, and thus will become internationalized rather than remaining isolated. Although globalization has had many positive effects and has contributed to greater prosperity in many countries, it has a dark side as well. In Protestantism, About Jesus or God.1. Why or why not? compare and contrast the uniqueness and similarities of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The term Hindu originated from the Persian word hindu which means a. valley b. land c. river d. ocean 3. This explains the cause of suffering or samodaya. How fast did the USSR actually blend into the global economy, and bring worldwide companies such as McDonald's into Russia? Although religious practices and cultural assumptions remain strongly in place, fewer people in the West today profess a religion than in the past.25 Geographers study religions and their development based on the role that geography intersects with other important social components within a human geographic approach. The Second noble truth 8. Questions and Answers, Bonifacio Sends Valenzuela to Rizal in Dapitan, Symposium na Tumatalakay sa Kaugnayan ng Karapatang Pantao at Pagtugon sa Responsibilidad Bilang Mamamayan, Ang Pakikilahok sa Gawaing Politikal (Political Socialization) at Mga Ahente Nito, Ang mga Ugnayan ng mga Pilipino (Pamilya, Paaralan, at Pamayanan) at ang Filipino Values, Logical Argument: The Term and Kinds of Proposition. Should she eat in her office, out of sight of the team and bank employees? Just like with other geographical settings as well especially in mountains, and forests. How does ideology affect our understanding of culture? There are also cases of syncretism, i.e. Explanations Unlike today, traveling in historical times was difficult. Many today would disagree with the old adage that clothes make the man, yet studies show that well-dressed employees are held in higher esteem and may earn more, on average, than those who dress down. How did the Scientific Revolution impact Christianity? August 2, 2021. How does graphic design affect cultural studies? In the business world, this includes increased trade and investment flows, currency exchange, and the rise of multinational corporations. Globalization refers to the process by which technological, economic, political, and cultural exchanges make the world a more interconnected and interdependent place. How does identity influence intercultural communication? 0 Let us. Unlike today, traveling in historical times was difficult. How did religion affect the Scientific Revolution? The Mount of Olives was where Jesus ascended into heaven and where he is supposed to return. - Definition & Role in Society. hXmo8+_U%J[-u%4w)A!m @KA]Ec{<3v?"0 gjCP[( #XmNeQI - () MZ# c( 'B[ $A4M|,/x`cR(r~q#WCFA'aYUK1Yh}AWwE>&8G{ yD_? How have deities and their places of worship influenced European art and architecture? MyInfoBasket.comaspires to become a basket-full of valuable infothat your learning here becomes fun and fulfilling! His sacrifice and commitment to his country serve as a reminder of the power of selflessness and the importance of fighting for what is right. How does pluralism in India affect Christainity? How do you think clothing choices affect the relationships we form at work or in other business situations? How does ideology affect our understanding of race? How does religion help and/or hurt society? Whether it is religion or other beliefs, we are influenced by the cultures and regions we are from. It can be proved that religion can considerably define the values, ideas, beliefs, heritage, and lifestyle of a society; all of which are essential constituents of culture. hbbd```b`` q?d&d &_E `7`dD|`@/Xf4|bH~ vj .r Notices that are communicated to a As his fortune grew big enough to beggar the imagination, [Rockefeller] retained his mystic faith that God had given him money for mankinds benefit . d. Chris These types of communication are ideally printed on paper, signed by the sender, and physically received by the recipient. the blending together of two different faiths as in the case of the Pai Marire movement in 19th century New Zealand, which had only recently been colonized by Great Britain; this combined traditional Maori beliefs with Old Testament and Christian ideas, as well as a belief that the Maori would be liberated from their new rulers. mountain shrines). are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written How did religion influence Aztec art and architecture? What is non-moral standards? These religiously significant spaces go beyond officially religious/spiritual spaces (such as places of worship) to include non-official religious spaces such as homes, schools and even bodies. place and space, on religious belief. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . We are influenced by the cultures and areas we are from, whether it be with regard to religion or other beliefs. How did islam influence the Kingdom of Ghana? Many auto workers in North America can point to specific things. society: people who live in a definable, often geographically bordered community and who share a culture. Where unity and selflessness or altruism are valued traits in collectivist cultures, independence and . 9. On the other hand, tress were used to produce totems, that is, objects (such as an animal or plant) that are believed by a particular culture to have spiritual significance and that are adopted by it as emblems. MyInfoBasket.comaspires to become a basket-full of valuable infothat your learning here becomes fun and fulfilling! - e.g. . It can be proved that religion can considerably define the values, ideas, beliefs, heritage, and lifestyle of a society; all of which are essential constituents of culture. Creative Commons Attribution License To put it in economic terms, all cultures share the resource of time, but they measure and use that resource very differently. Individualism vs. Collectivism. Jesus Christ.c. What is the difference between religious education and religious studies? Refers to sales-related communications. social institutions: mechanisms or patterns of social order focused on meeting social needs, such as government, economy, education, family, healthcare, and religion. Direct link to 24anieves's post Why do some people believ, Posted 2 years ago. The age of uncomfortable dresses and starched white shirts may be over, but cultural standards, along with underlying values that prioritize, say, innovation over uniformity, change over time and even within the same company. How has syncretism caused the decline of Christianity? (10 paragraph), ACTIVITY NO.3 Directions: In Column A, draw any situation or thing that will symbolize or depicts the periods that happened in American Literature. In the movie The Intern, Robert De Niros senior character wears conservative blue and gray suits to his job at an e-commerce fashion startup, whereas the younger men dress very casually. Unlike the notion of historical time discussed in the previous module, the concept of time in businesspeoples approach to punctuality, for examplevaries widely in different cultures. His sacrifice and commitment to his country serve as a reminder of the power of selflessness and the importance of fighting for what is right. How did the environment shape the Arapaho culture? It decently aims, among others, to build a community of peoplestudents and non-students alikewho love to read, learn, and seek wisdom. "Geography and religion: trends and prospects", "Religious schools: for spirit, (f)or nation", "In Search of Permanent Homes: Singapore's House Churches and the Politics of Space", "Global shifts, theoretical shifts: Changing geographies of religion", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_and_geography&oldid=1123363648, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from October 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 23 November 2022, at 09:48. We can also see that water is employed as a means of purification in Christianity, Judaism, and Islam, such as in the practice of baptism. What are some theories that impacted cultural studies? [10], Another new area of interest in the study of geography and religion explores different sites of religious practice beyond the officially sacred sites such as religious schools, media spaces, banking and financial practices (for example, Islamic banking) and home spaces are just some of the different avenues that take into account informal, everyday spaces that intersect with religious practice and meaning.[9]. This identifies the origin of the problem -the dukkha 13. Yet what role does a religious concept of stewardship play in the ethics of the twenty-first century? As a general rule, contact cultureswhere people stand closer together when interacting, touch more often, and have more frequent direct eye contactare found in South America, the Middle East, and southern Europe, while noncontact cultureswhere eye contact and touching are less frequent, and there is less physical proximity during interactionsare in northern Europe, the Far East, and the United States. Implications. In order for a new faith, or any system of belief, to spread it would need to be carried by people who were on the move for that purpose or some other. It can be proved that religion can considerably define the values, ideas, beliefs, heritage, and lifestyle of a society; all of which are essential constituents of culture. %PDF-1.3 A more contemporary approach to the study of the intersections of geography and religion not only highlights the role of religion in affecting landscape changes and in assigning sacred meanings to specific places, but also acknowledges how in turn, religious ideology and practice at specific spaces are guided and transformed by their location.[2]. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, The Enlightenments attempt to peel religion away from ethics was short-lived, with even Kant acknowledging the need to base morality on something beyond the rationalism of his time. 154 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<061550FFE9D00E41B5B04E5BD9663243>]/Index[128 50]/Info 127 0 R/Length 116/Prev 930316/Root 129 0 R/Size 178/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream How did Gothic architecture influence religion? Many believed that people could not be persuaded to do the right thing without the threat of eternal damnation. Thus, geographers are less concerned about religion per se, but are more sensitive to how religion as a cultural feature affects social, cultural, political and environmental systems. a. Samsara b. yoga 7. Geography is one of the factors widely associated by historians with the social, political, and cultural development of a particular region. We are not, however, helpless victims of location, and it has been demonstrated that a range of other circumstances influence our opinions. The Enlightenment attempted to separate religion and ethics but could not. How did religion influence Greek architecture? It can be noticed that Muslims may be Arabs, Turks, Persians, Indians, Pakistanis, Malaysians, Indonesians, Europeans, Africans, Americans, Chinese, or other nationalities. Examine the importance of religion in society and why society needs religion. [2], Other traditional approaches to the study of the relationship between geography and religion involved the theological explorations of the workings of Nature a highly environmentally deterministic approach which identified the role of geographical environments in determining the nature and evolution of different religious traditions.[2]. The richest person of his age, Rockefeller earned his fortune as the founder and major shareholder of Standard Oil but always regarded his billions as a public trust rather than his personal prize.
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