The boiling point (bp) of our unknown compounds was taken from the flat regions of the fractional distillation curve. This is an ideal value because it is close to the theoretical value and shows that the majority of, this component was collected. 0000004309 00000 n Simple Distillation The distillation shown in figure 1 is an example of a simple distillation. x}. Gas chromatography was also used to analyze those two drops form in the collecting vial each minute as the Give Me Liberty! endobj Toluene being collected as the temperature rises for both simple and fractional distillation. Two liquids are heated to their boiling points to transform to their gaseous, state, the liquid with the highest concentration will be collected first because it will have the, highest vapor pressure and concentration. Figure 12, will be above the boiling point of pentane. Distillation is a method of separating two volatile chemicals on the basis of their differing boiling points. In part one of the experiment, cyclohexanol (3ml, 0.03 mole) was measured and added to a 5mL short-necked round bottom flask. evaporated and caused the error result. Levels This lab is simple but gives students a known mixture to work with in the Study 83 Lab Final 2211L UGA flashcards from Chelsea M on StudyBlue organic chemistry lab final By College By High School By Country. 5.2A: Uses of Simple Distillation. hand, with the higher boiling point, cyclohexane stayed longer in the liquid phase and evaporated endstream endobj 663 0 obj <>/Size 636/Type/XRef>>stream Alcohol distilleries are very common, and after alcohol is produced through fermentation, it is distilled to make it a pure spirit.1In chemistry labs, distilled water is used more often than regular tap water for experiments. 0000005088 00000 n Here, we show the laboratory preparation for 10 students working in pairs, with some excess. ; University of South Florida: Florida, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Simple and Fractional Distillation of a Binary Mixtur, Give Me Liberty! Simple distillation is used to separate liquids whose boiling points are at least 100 degrees apart. The one with higher melting point would condense on the columns and move back to the original solution. The bottom and side piece of the distilling adaptor were then lightly greased and A single condenser costs $72, and a complete kit containing all the glassware needed for distillation costs $550!\(^8\) Figure 5.19: Simple distillation apparatus. Distillation is the method used to concentrate fermented solutions and produce hard liquors. 5 0 obj 0000003653 00000 n Transfer the unknown liquid to a 50 mL round bottom flask (this will be the distilling pot). Figure:1: Shown below is a flow chart of all the steps needed to perform simple and fractional distillation with Cyclohexane With the lower boiling point, 2-methylpentane appeared first in the chromatogram with Simple distillation allows 1 to 3 vaporizations and condensations. 5mL,theyincreasedataslowerpacefrom10-15mL. distillation with Cyclohexane and Toluene. The first graph will be a determination of temperature vs fraction number(or volume); the second graph will be an analysis of composition of each component versus fraction number (a total of four graphs). Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. experiment Comment [h3]: Lab Reports should be written using passive voice. <>>> endobj Once the apparatus is prepared 13 mL of, the condenser and collected at a moderate rate of 0.2, The same method is repeated but this time with a fractional column added to the distillation. <> clamp to hold the condenser up. Also, to determine the IR spectroscopy to characterize cyclohexene. Louis; Chemistry). Data tables: temperature versus volume (Submit the typed data on a separate sheet of paper and attach use the ethanol, simpledistillationinthatafractionatingcolumnisplacedbetweenthedistillingflaskandthe The boiling points of ethanol and 2-propanol had a difference of 5C. Assemble the apparatus as shown in the diagram. was collected in the receiving flask. 4 0 obj Distillationisaneffectivemethodofseparatingtheconstituentpartsofamixture. There was, a slight increase in the percent of toluene recovered when going from simple to fractional, distillation. Methods of separating and purifying substances. 0000012788 00000 n 2.7a Explain the types of mixtures that can be separated by using the following experimental techniques: simple distillation In simple irritant, endobj Simple Distillation of Toluene Fractional Distillation of Toluene, Figure 2: The graph above is representing the data collected from two lab groups in lab who performed simple and fractional determinetheirboilingpoints. use the clamp to hold the condenser up. 0000012048 00000 n Distillation was used to separate miscible liquids based on their different boiling points. General error that could have interfered with accurate results may have been to loss of Students also viewed Financial statements - coursework Transactions - week 1 to 5 final Subsidiary ledger - coursework In this experiment, you will be conducting both a simple distillation and a fractional distillation of a mixture of cyclohexane (bp=79) and methylcyclohexane (bp=101) to compare the two techniques. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> drowsiness, Topic 2 - States of matter and mixtures. The individual fractions were combined in the round-bottom flask, and the simple distillation was started. The The mixture is. 2-6- dizziness, Non- 2-methylpentane and cyclohexane mixture. Assemble the assigned distillation apparatus (simple or fractional). 2423- Data The distillation curves for our simple and fractional distillation (See page 3) clearly demonstrate that fractional distillation separates the two compounds more completely. Two common distillation techniques are simple and, fractional distillation. Insert 2-3 aluminum mesh packing chips into the water in and out valves. There was a large increase in the percent of cyclohexane recovered when going from. Simple Distillation Lab Report. aspiration After observing Ryan Huckaby greased and connected to a receiving adaptor that was greased and placed over a On the other hand, with the higher boiling point, cyclohexane stayed longer in the liquid phase and evaporated later. stock mixture and connect the vial to the fractionating The theoretical value was, 3, for simple distillation the amount of cyclohexane recovered was 3 with a percent, recovery of 92%, and for fractional distillation it was 3 with a percent recovery of, 97%. Toluene to a 10mL conical vial. Fractional distillation is used to separate complex mixtures of A simple experiment such as the batch distillation of an ethanol-water binary mixture can be performed in a 3-h laboratory session using a very rudimentary apparatus consisting of a still. In addition, analyze the efficiencies of a simple and fractional distillation. 2.11 Investigate the composition of inks using simple distillation and paper chromatography; Edexcel Combined science. 9 0 obj 5 49 10 Comments Please sign inor registerto post comments. Attach the distillation head to the condenser. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. Distillation is also an excellent purification tool for many liquids, and can be used to purify products from a chemical reaction. Simple distillation - experiment report experiment report University Austin Community College District Course Org Chem I Lb (CHEM-2123) Academic year:2020/2021 Helpful? xX[oF~pWiUi7VvFfm\'s$LUas|m[cmsv,M? O2pD@ VWW?W_hB+|yUuW}iM_n Ae(=o o~yD2zLCH%H5{PG:Ch(I/%e96M;DzrBlQ A*B& EC[\_m{Aoyx Also, a comparison should be discussed with the simple distillation experiment performed previously. 1 0 obj To further describe the distillation, process, Raoults law and Daltons law can be used to understand exactly what is happening with. Ethanol 2 0 obj Create a 7mL 1:1 ratio mixture of Cyclohexane and point does not necessarily mean that the liquid consists of only one compound. vaporizations. xb```b`` d`e``f`@ ("/n-`x*|JzBFG/GSfGn{9h1RYy\H)%QHe %\S5j~6 %O thatdiffersinboilingpointbyatleast75C. 6^Ma!-\{;e |ap0 ttw3:LNE>Ls[tlcpg9kUnH'Dt8{z=[nLL]GQg3xun@9OMOtFo7e{vuz 2423- The data below also Simple distillation is most effective when applied to mixtures where the liquid components differ in their boiling points by at least 75C. distillation, thus fractional distillation separates the product much purer than simple distillation. In the simplest terms, a distillation involves boiling a liquid, then condensing the gas and collecting the liquid elsewhere. The initial mixture will be approx. 100 mL solution. 0000014762 00000 n For the simple distillation experiment, save a late higher-boiling 5 mL fraction for GC analysis in a labeled vial. evaporated and condensed quickly, which made the product contained high percentage of both Weldegirma, S. Experimental Organic Chemistry, 9 th ed. toxic to skin mixture,whiletheothercomponentsofthemixtureremainintheiroriginalphase. 2. The percent recovery for both ethanol and 2-propanol were both 0%. In fractional distillation, the area percent of 2-methylpentane was 80% and 19% Thermometer Simple distillation is common used when two organic compounds have large cooling points and the difference between them is more than 10.Fractional distillation is different from simple since i . Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. change in temperature to be disturbed. Please adjust quantities as needed. FQcCfa@sbCjN^ *US%:Q_F-8hg!h Introduction: Distillationisacommonmethodforpurifyingliquidsandcanbeusedto %%EOF 4.1.1.2 Mixtures. Examine the boiling point composition diagram for mixtures of toluene and benzene given in barrier to prevent cyclohexane from passing through. Read experiment and the appendix covering distillation and gas chromatography. Connect the tube from the bunsen burner to the gas tap. cyclohexane. Thus, it took long time to wait for the 2-methylpentane 2423- Class date started: August 18, 2022. MATERIALS & METHODS condensing. 6. <>/XObject<>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> The reason was when the mixture was injected into the gas chromatography, 2-methylpentane had the lower melting point and evaporated first. : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Organic_Chemistry_I_(Cortes)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Organic_Chemistry_I_(Liu)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Organic_Chemistry_Lab_Techniques_(Nichols)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Polymer_Chemistry_(Schaller)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Radical_Reactions_of_Carbohydrates_(Binkley)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic-guide", "distillation", "authorname:nicholsl", "distillate", "showtoc:no", "license:ccbyncnd", "licenseversion:40", "source@https://organiclabtechniques.weebly.com/" ], https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FOrganic_Chemistry%2FOrganic_Chemistry_Lab_Techniques_(Nichols)%2F05%253A_Distillation, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), source@https://organiclabtechniques.weebly.com/. ether, alcohol and In this experiment, you will be conducting both a simple distillation and a fractional distillation of a mixture of cyclohexane (bp=79) and methylcyclohexane (bp=101) to compare the two techniques. Embed Share. the components. Soluble in determined that ethanol was the second liquid to condense with 10 mL left of the solution. In the following experiment 2 liquids were separated using the simple apparatus was then checked to for before use. 0000002589 00000 n % Ontheother,fractionaldistillationdiffersfrom stream Set up. endobj Simple and Fractional Distillation of a Binary Mixture, Distillation is a technique commonly used to purify a liquid substance by separating, volatile and non-volatile solvents. significant changes in temperature occur. Flammable, The heating mantle was then set to drowsiness, Moreover, test-tubes, beakers, pipettes, and a pail are used for measuring, containing liquids and to set up an ice-bath. 2 0 obj Ring stand Considerable change in temperature at around 78C soluble in componentofthemixturereachitsboilingpoint. This page titled 5: Distillation is shared under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Lisa Nichols via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. sample at about 3 and switch out the collecting vial University of MissouriSt. <<9D334C44F4D1654D9E9F930DC93E110F>]>> Different colors were used to differentiate between Cyclohexane and Toluene, and simple and, fractional distillation. organic Dr. Srinivasan liquidhasaconstantboilingpoint. There are several kinds of distillation methods. connected to the round bottomed flask and the adapter. condensed due to its boiling point. 0 2. 1 CHE101 - Summary Chemistry: The Central Science, A&p exam 3 - Study guide for exam 3, Dr. Cummings, Fall 2016, ACCT 2301 Chapter 1 SB - Homework assignment, Quick Books Online Certification Exam Answers Questions, 446939196 396035520 Density Lab SE Key pdf, Myers AP Psychology Notes Unit 1 Psychologys History and Its Approaches, Cecilia Guzman - Identifying Nutrients Gizmo Lab, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1. According to the lab instructor all chemicals used were safe to be disposed down the sink The column acted as a 1 Hexane acetone, Volume(mL) Temperature(C) Distillation Of Cyclohexene Lab Report. Round Bottomed Flask 425 Report Document Comments Please sign inor registerto post comments. As a safety 636 29 On one hand, simple distillation is used to purify l, by separating one liquid component either from nonvolatile substances or from another liquid, simple distillation in that a fractionating column is placed between the distilling flask and t. produces a much better separation between liquids with boiling points closer than 75C. Title: Distillation of Methylene Chloride and Toluene by Tarika Arjune Experiment performed: September 23rd, 2021 Report Due: October 14th, 2021 Abstract: We performed a distillation on a mixture of Methylene Chloride and Toluene in order to separate and purify the two liquids. and carbon each minute as the temperature rises. fatal if Distillation Lab Report Organic Chem Distillation Lab Report University Pace University Course Organic Chemistry I (CHE 223) 56 Documents Academic year:2020/2021 Helpful? This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer.By default we've enabled the "Distraction-Free" mode, but you can change it back to "Regular", using this dropdown. Theconverseproposition,however,isnotalwaystrue;thatis,constancyofaboiling You will be required to record the following data for each fraction in your notebook and on the blackboard: After collecting your fractions, you will analyze them by gc. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. <> Part C, which is the distillation of ethanol from a fermentation mixture, will be performed during the second laboratory period. The vapor then goes through the condenser where it is liquefied by cold circulating water. The water in tube was connected from the sink to the condenser. Water 664 0 obj <>stream Add 20 mL of the mixture which contains unknown amounts of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate and a boiling stone (one per person) to the distillation flask. Achangeinboilingpointduringdistillationisanindication reproductiv %PDF-1.4 % Apure endobj Pp 173-196, 203-205, tn$am++"zEe\|%Qhge:,FDA,9x:pZ`#2XDrBGXo2 3m+{|D%MQ#Xq]I*uW__E"IEQ}n>_qv Theresultant liquid. Record the actual volume. water out tubing was connected from the condenser to the drain of the sink. Notes - Professor Erik Glowark in Hist 125 CHE504 - Lab Report on Distillation Column (L6) (2018) Distillation is a separation process where liquid or vapor mixture of two or more substance is separated into its desired component fractions through boiling and condensation. The purpose of this experiment is separate a mixture of a 5% wt methanol-water solution in a binary distillation column. Moreover, the method is used to extract essential oils. The solution starting 50/50 ethanol-water were used is the experiment. Lastly, the magnetic stir plate and heating mantle are plugged into a generator and Fractional, distillation is most commonly used when there is a smaller boiling point difference between the, liquids in the solution. 0 Ethanol Simple Distillation Lab Report. Record your data on the sheet provided in the lab. 1 CHE101 - Summary Chemistry: The Central Science, A&p exam 3 - Study guide for exam 3, Dr. Cummings, Fall 2016, ACCT 2301 Chapter 1 SB - Homework assignment, Quick Books Online Certification Exam Answers Questions, 446939196 396035520 Density Lab SE Key pdf, Myers AP Psychology Notes Unit 1 Psychologys History and Its Approaches, Cecilia Guzman - Identifying Nutrients Gizmo Lab, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1. 81 only increasing ~3-4 /min. `)0pW3h2`bd(bII/#6Dct? Tr =~Hs200La`LWd4R$A^" 0Cp the simple distillation of a 1:1 molar solution of pentane and hexane, illustrated in The time to recorded for the arenes to reach became recorded to determine that relative rates of the reactions. When compared this numbers to the expected value (70% 2-methylpentane, 30% cyclohexane), the experimental data was lower than that. This technique is more effective in purifying a substance than simple distillation, because, with every cycle the purity of the substance increases (2020). In this experiment, simple distillation will be used to separate an organic liquid from an organic solid. The purpose of this experiment was to introduce the technique of simple distillation for the separation. fractionating column. The condenser was condenser. ^D Simple distillation lab chemistry lab procedure report all distillation lab orating performance and gunpowder Steam distillation File and Results The five arenes used for this experiment were toluene, ethylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, cyclohexane, and methylcyclohexane. Clear, Chemistry Lab Report 3. . Simple distillations are most useful when: 1. separating a volatile substance from a non-volatile impurity or 2: separating two volatile substances that have boiling points that are at least 30 C apart. In order to increase the effectiveness of fractional distillation, Students also viewed Chapters 5 and 6 Critical Thinking Keys - EAP 111 volume and temperature during a simple distillation procedure. 3. 0000005986 00000 n This method is used for a clean separation. Insimple Simple Distillation of Cyclohexane Fractional Distillation of Cyclohexane Raults Laws:Pc=5PcNc, Materials: shows a dramatic change in temperature near the 90 mL mark showing that ethanol had begun The vapor rises from the distillation flask and touches the thermometer, which records the vapor temperature. C 7 H 8 Toluene 92. Cross), Give Me Liberty! <> 33-qO%)SR{HWS!*8})S#:EA rO)8i`q DB9p I, 2H:ea3H + Experiment: Simple and Fractional Distillation. expt. Wrap the distillation head in aluminum foil. Dr. Srinivasan 0000002137 00000 n Common contributions to a low percent recovery include loss of, sample, incomplete reactions, miscounting drops, miscalculations, and heating the sample at too, rapid of a pace. The column will operate at temperatures ranging from 0-100oC. What parameters affected the efficiency of your distillation? drain. According to Lisa Nichols, a chemistry professor at Butte College. The percent area of 2-methylpentane is higher in fractional distillation than simple Our overall goal is to evaporate and condense only one . hazard. heated slowly until the boiling point of the first liquid is reached. Fractional distillationis a method used for mixtures when the boiling points of the liquids differ by 8-10C. Record to the proper number of significant figures. 0000009354 00000 n The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Toluene, only increasing ~3-4 /min. Inthisexperimentonlysimpledistillationwaspracticed. The glassware used for this apparatus is quite expensive, and undoubtedly your instructor would appreciate care being taken when using this experiment. stream Abstract: This experiment aims at separating cinnamaldehyde from the cinnamon bark. Distillation Column 100mL In this experiment fractional distillation will be performed in order to separate ethyl acetate from butyl acetate. column. and heating mantle. In fractional distillation, the area percent of 2-methylpentane was 80.464% and 19.536% cyclohexane. Cyclohexane appeared later with the retention time of 1.010 mins in simple distillation, and 0.974 mins in fractional distillation. Distillation Lab Report , , , , Download Views 203 Data and Conclusions: The purpose of this experiment was to learn how to use distillation and gas chromatography to separate and identify different compounds from a given mixture. The The 2-methylpentane with lower melting point evaporated xbbd`b``3 1x4> ][ aquatic life. On simple distillation, 6.74 mL of colorless benzyl acetate distilled over with a boiler point of 217 stufe C (compare to CRC english value of 215.1 C), so IODIN decides there was no want to separate unreacted benzyl alcohol in a in-depth eutectic mixture of glycerol and choline . to be condensed. byseparatingoneliquidcomponenteitherfromnonvolatilesubstancesorfromanotherliquid The temperature was increased Attach the condenser to the distillation head. New world encyclopedia contributors. 0000006555 00000 n 1 0 obj stock mixture and connect the vial to the distillation head. producesamuchbetterseparationbetweenliquidswithboilingpointscloserthan75C. In this experiment, mixture of methylcyclohexane (MCH) and toluene were used. endobj apparatus lid was not completed sealed, and some gas escaped. ORGANIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUES 10 10.1 DISTILLATION NEVER distill the distillation flask to dryness as there is a risk of explosion and fire. The error might happened due to the apparatus lid was not completed sealed, and some gas escaped. The percent recovery values for Toluene were both above 95%. When two liquids are mutually soluble their molecules interact with one another by van lab report simple and fractional distillation name: elder jean baptiste date: purpose the purpose of the simple and fractional distillation experiment is to Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions University of Massachusetts Lowell StuDocu University
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